Java 电商商城定制开发电商商城定制开发调用第三方接口方法
一、 通过JDK网络类Java.net.HttpURLConnection
1.java.net电商商城定制开发包下的原生java 提供的http请求
使用步骤：
1、电商商城定制开发通过统一资源定位器（java.net.URL）电商商城定制开发获取连接器（java.net.URLConnection）。
2、电商商城定制开发设置请求的参数。
3、发送请求。
4、电商商城定制开发以输入流的形式获取返回内容。
5、电商商城定制开发关闭输入流。
2.HttpClientUtil工具类
/** * jdk 调用第三方接口 * @author hsq */public class HttpClientUtil2 { /** * 以post方式调用对方接口方法 * @param pathUrl */ public static String doPost(String pathUrl, String data){ OutputStreamWriter out = null; BufferedReader br = null; String result = ""; try { URL url = new URL(pathUrl); //打开和url之间的连接 HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //设定请求的方法为"POST"，默认是GET //post与get的不同之处在于post的参数不是放在URL字串里面，而是放在http请求的正文内。 conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); //设置30秒连接超时 conn.setConnectTimeout(30000); //设置30秒读取超时 conn.setReadTimeout(30000); // 设置是否向httpUrlConnection输出，因为这个是post请求，参数要放在http正文内，因此需要设为true, 默认情况下是false; conn.setDoOutput(true); // 设置是否从httpUrlConnection读入，默认情况下是true; conn.setDoInput(true); // Post请求不能使用缓存 conn.setUseCaches(false); //设置通用的请求属性 conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*"); conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive"); //维持长链接 conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8"); //连接，从上述url.openConnection()至此的配置必须要在connect之前完成， conn.connect(); /** * 下面的三句代码，就是调用第三方http接口 */ //获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流 //此处getOutputStream会隐含的进行connect(即：如同调用上面的connect()方法，所以在开发中不调用上述的connect()也可以)。 out = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8"); //发送请求参数即数据 out.write(data); //flush输出流的缓冲 out.flush(); /** * 下面的代码相当于，获取调用第三方http接口后返回的结果 */ //获取URLConnection对象对应的输入流 InputStream is = conn.getInputStream(); //构造一个字符流缓存 br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is)); String str = ""; while ((str = br.readLine()) != null){ result += str; } System.out.println(result); //关闭流 is.close(); //断开连接，disconnect是在底层tcp socket链接空闲时才切断，如果正在被其他线程使用就不切断。 conn.disconnect(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally { try { if (out != null){ out.close(); } if (br != null){ br.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return result; } /** * 以get方式调用对方接口方法 * @param pathUrl */ public static String doGet(String pathUrl){ BufferedReader br = null; String result = ""; try { URL url = new URL(pathUrl); //打开和url之间的连接 HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //设定请求的方法为"GET"，默认是GET //post与get的不同之处在于post的参数不是放在URL字串里面，而是放在http请求的正文内。 conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); //设置30秒连接超时 conn.setConnectTimeout(30000); //设置30秒读取超时 conn.setReadTimeout(30000); // 设置是否向httpUrlConnection输出，因为这个是post请求，参数要放在http正文内，因此需要设为true, 默认情况下是false; conn.setDoOutput(true); // 设置是否从httpUrlConnection读入，默认情况下是true; conn.setDoInput(true); // Post请求不能使用缓存(get可以不使用) conn.setUseCaches(false); //设置通用的请求属性 conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*"); conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive"); //维持长链接 conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8"); //连接，从上述url.openConnection()至此的配置必须要在connect之前完成， conn.connect(); /** * 下面的代码相当于，获取调用第三方http接口后返回的结果 */ //获取URLConnection对象对应的输入流 InputStream is = conn.getInputStream(); //构造一个字符流缓存 br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8")); String str = ""; while ((str = br.readLine()) != null){ result += str; } System.out.println(result); //关闭流 is.close(); //断开连接，disconnect是在底层tcp socket链接空闲时才切断，如果正在被其他线程使用就不切断。 conn.disconnect(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally { try { if (br != null){ br.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return result; }}- 1
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3.第三方api接口
/** * @author hsq */@RestController@RequestMapping("/api")public class HelloWorld { private static final Logger log= LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloWorld.class); @GetMapping ("/getHello") public Result getHelloWord(){ log.info("进入到api接口......."); return Result.success("hello world api get 接口数据"); } @PostMapping("/postHello") public Result postHelloWord(@RequestBody User user){ log.info("进入post 方法....."); System.out.println(user.toString()); return Result.success("hello world api post接口数据"); }}- 1
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4.测试类
@Test public void testJDKApi(){ //测试get方法 String s = HttpClientUtil2.doGet("http://localhost:9092/api/getHello"); System.out.println("get方法:"+s); //测试post方法 User user = new User(); user.setUname("胡萝卜"); user.setRole("普通用户"); //把对象转换为json格式 String s1 = JsonUtil.toJson(user); String postString = HttpClientUtil2.doPost("http://localhost:9092/api/postHello",s1); System.out.println("post方法:"+postString); }- 1
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结果：
二、通过Apache common封装好的HttpClient
1.引入依赖
<!--HttpClient--> <dependency> <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId> <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId> <version>3.1</version> </dependency> <!--json--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.28</version> </dependency>- 1
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2.httpClientUtil
/** *httpClient的get请求方式 * 使用GetMethod来访问一个URL对应的网页实现步骤： * 1.生成一个HttpClient对象并设置相应的参数； * 2.生成一个GetMethod对象并设置响应的参数； * 3.用HttpClient生成的对象来执行GetMethod生成的Get方法； * 4.处理响应状态码； * 5.若响应正常，处理HTTP响应内容； * 6.释放连接。 * @author hsq */public class HttpClientUtil { /** * @param url * @param charset * @return */ public static String doGet(String url, String charset){ /** * 1.生成HttpClient对象并设置参数 */ HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(); //设置Http连接超时为5秒 httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setConnectionTimeout(5000); /** * 2.生成GetMethod对象并设置参数 */ GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(url); //设置get请求超时为5秒 getMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.SO_TIMEOUT, 5000); //设置请求重试处理，用的是默认的重试处理：请求三次 getMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER, new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler()); String response = ""; /** * 3.执行HTTP GET 请求 */ try { int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod); /** * 4.判断访问的状态码 */ if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK){ System.err.println("请求出错：" + getMethod.getStatusLine()); } /** * 5.处理HTTP响应内容 */ //HTTP响应头部信息，这里简单打印 Header[] headers = getMethod.getResponseHeaders(); for (Header h: headers){ System.out.println(h.getName() + "---------------" + h.getValue()); } //读取HTTP响应内容，这里简单打印网页内容 //读取为字节数组 byte[] responseBody = getMethod.getResponseBody(); response = new String(responseBody, charset); System.out.println("-----------response:" + response); //读取为InputStream，在网页内容数据量大时候推荐使用 //InputStream response = getMethod.getResponseBodyAsStream(); } catch (HttpException e) { //发生致命的异常，可能是协议不对或者返回的内容有问题 System.out.println("请检查输入的URL!"); e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e){ //发生网络异常 System.out.println("发生网络异常!"); }finally { /** * 6.释放连接 */ getMethod.releaseConnection(); } return response; } /** * post请求 * @param url * @param json * @return */ public static String doPost(String url, JSONObject json){ HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(); PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url); postMethod.addRequestHeader("accept", "*/*"); postMethod.addRequestHeader("connection", "Keep-Alive"); //设置json格式传送 postMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8"); //必须设置下面这个Header postMethod.addRequestHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.81 Safari/537.36"); //添加请求参数 //postMethod.addParameter("param", json.getString("param")); StringRequestEntity param = new StringRequestEntity(json.getString("param")); postMethod.setRequestEntity(param); String res = ""; try { int code = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod); if (code == 200){ byte[] responseBody = postMethod.getResponseBody(); res = new String(responseBody, "UTF-8"); //res = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString(); System.out.println(res); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return res; }}- 1
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3.第三方api接口
@RestController@RequestMapping("/api")public class HelloWorld { private static final Logger log= LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloWorld.class); @GetMapping ("/getHello") public Result getHelloWord(){ log.info("进入到api接口......."); return Result.success("hello world api get 接口数据"); } @PostMapping("/postHello") public Result postHelloWord(@RequestBody User user){ log.info("进入post 方法....."); System.out.println(user.toString()); return Result.success("hello world api post接口数据"); }}- 1
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4.测试类
@Test public void testApi() { //测试get方法 String s = HttpClientUtil.doGet("http://localhost:9092/api/getHello", "UTF-8"); System.out.println("get方法:"+s); //测试post方法 User user = new User(); user.setUname("胡萝卜"); user.setRole("普通用户"); JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(); String s1 = JsonUtil.toJson(user); jsonObject.put("param",s1); String postString = HttpClientUtil.doPost("http://localhost:9092/api/postHello", jsonObject); System.out.println("post方法:"+postString); }- 1
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结果：
三、通过Spring的RestTemplate
1.引入依赖
导入springboot的web包
<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>- 1
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2.RestTemplate配置类
/** * @author hsq */@Configurationpublic class RestTemplateConfig { @Bean public RestTemplate restTemplate(ClientHttpRequestFactory factory){ return new RestTemplate(factory); } @Bean public ClientHttpRequestFactory simpleClientHttpRequestFactory(){ SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory(); factory.setConnectTimeout(15000); factory.setReadTimeout(5000); return factory; }}- 1
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3.RestTemplate实现类
/** * @author hsq */@Componentpublic class RestTemplateToInterface { @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; /** * 以get方式请求第三方http接口 getForEntity * @param url * @return */ public Result doGetWith1(String url){ ResponseEntity<Result> responseEntity = restTemplate.getForEntity(url, Result.class); Result result = responseEntity.getBody(); return result; } /** * 以get方式请求第三方http接口 getForObject * 返回值返回的是响应体，省去了我们再去getBody() * @param url * @return */ public Result doGetWith2(String url){ Result result = restTemplate.getForObject(url, Result.class); return result; } /** * 以post方式请求第三方http接口 postForEntity * @param url * @param user * @return */ public String doPostWith1(String url,User user){ ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity = restTemplate.postForEntity(url, user, String.class); String body = responseEntity.getBody(); return body; } /** * 以post方式请求第三方http接口 postForEntity * 返回值返回的是响应体，省去了我们再去getBody() * @param url * @param user * @return */ public String doPostWith2(String url,User user){ String body = restTemplate.postForObject(url, user, String.class); return body; } /** * exchange * @return */ public String doExchange(String url, Integer age, String name){ //header参数 HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders(); String token = "asdfaf2322"; headers.add("authorization", token); headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON); //放入body中的json参数 JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(); obj.put("age", age); obj.put("name", name); //组装 HttpEntity<JSONObject> request = new HttpEntity<>(obj, headers); ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity = restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.POST, request, String.class); String body = responseEntity.getBody(); return body; }}- 1
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4.第三方api接口
/** * @author hsq */@RestController@RequestMapping("/api")public class HelloWorld { private static final Logger log= LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloWorld.class); @GetMapping ("/getHello") public Result getHelloWord(){ log.info("进入到api接口......."); return Result.success("hello world api get 接口数据"); } @PostMapping("/postHello") public Result postHelloWord(@RequestBody User user){ log.info("进入post 方法....."); System.out.println(user.toString()); return Result.success("hello world api post接口数据"); }}- 1
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5.测试类
//注入使用@Autowiredprivate RestTemplateToInterface restTemplateToInterface;@Testpublic void testSpringBootApi(){ Result result= restTemplateToInterface.doGetWith1("http://localhost:9092/api/getHello"); System.out.println("get结果："+result); User user = new User(); user.setUname("胡萝卜"); user.setRole("普通用户"); String s = restTemplateToInterface.doPostWith1("http://localhost:9092/api/postHello", user); System.out.println("post结果："+s);}- 1
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结果：